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Over the years a number of studies have reported
2021-12-30
Over the years, a number of studies have reported results concerning the behavior of the two endothelin receptor subtypes, ETA and ETB, that do not fit the classical model of two G protein-coupled receptors acting independently of one another. For example, in the rat anterior pituitary gland, both E
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br Conclusion H R H R and H R mRNAs
2021-12-30
Conclusion H1R, H2R, and H3R mRNAs were expressed in rat OE. Moreover, these three histamine receptors were present in the cytoplasm of ORNs in OE. This is the first report of the expression and localization of histamine receptors in mammalian OE. These findings indicate that histamine may play a
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Treatment and control for IBD are targeted to identify
2021-12-30
Treatment and control for IBD are targeted to identify and eliminate the cause if possible, decrease intestinal inflammation, reduce diarrhea and vomiting, improve appetite, and promote weight gain. Methods include dietary manipulation with or without concurrent medical therapy such as corticosteroi
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br Introduction Hepatitis B virus HBV infects
2021-12-30
Introduction Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infects about 2 billion people worldwide and is a leading cause of liver disease including liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (Trepo et al., 2014). Most current HBV therapies are based on nucleos(t)ide analogs and pegylated interferon alpha
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Initial experiments confirmed that RBC effectively inhibited
2021-12-30
Initial experiments confirmed that RBC8 effectively inhibited both RalA and RalB activation in an identical, dose-dependent manner following platelet stimulation with the GPVI-specific ligand, CRP (Fig. 1Ai). Non-specific, upper bands were observed when immunoblotting for activated RalB, with the sp
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br GSNOR regulates SA synthesis and SA signalling The
2021-12-30
GSNOR1 regulates SA synthesis and SA signalling The phenolic metabolite salicylic KU14R (SA) is a powerful immune activator in plants. Moreover, mutations that disable SA biosynthesis or transgenes that result in its depletion compromise both resistance (R) gene-mediated and basal resistance, le
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Cichlasoma dimerus as most teleost fish species present neur
2021-12-30
Cichlasoma dimerus, as most teleost fish species, present neurons expressing GnRH3 (Pandolfi et al., 2005). As in most ion channel species, the neurons expressing GnRH3 are mainly located in the NOR, although few neurons were detected in the olfactory bulb, ventral telencephalon and the POA (Gonzále
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lxr agonist Recently higher grade varicoceles have been repo
2021-12-30
Recently, higher-grade varicoceles have been reported to be associated with higher nocturia levels [20], and we observed an interesting phenomenon in which the urine volume/water intake ratio dramatically increased in the rat model of experimental left varicocele (ELV); the decreases in hypothalamic
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br Advanced Glycation Endproducts As
2021-12-30
Advanced Glycation Endproducts As glucose levels rise within sensory neurons as a result of hyperglycemia, normal metabolic pathways become overwhelmed and excess glucose is shunted into other ancillary pathways that, under these conditions, become damaging. One consequence of hyperglycemia is th
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br Introduction Glycoproteins represent a staggeringly
2021-12-30
Introduction Glycoproteins represent a staggeringly small fraction of proteins analyzed by high-resolution techniques despite high concentrations at the cell surface and critical roles in many human diseases. Though one-half or more of all human proteins are predicted to contain a carbohydrate ch
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Studies dealing with the effects of ischemia
2021-12-30
Studies dealing with the effects of ischemia on EAATs have been previously reported, but some discrepancies in literature appear between them probably as a consequence of the different models, species, time of reperfusion after ischemia and age of the animals. Thus, in human, Spectinomycin hydrochlo
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br Introduction As is now well known obesity
2021-12-30
Introduction As is now well known, obesity is major risk factor for various diseases such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, cardiovascular disease, some cancers (McWilliams and Petersen, 2009), type-2 diabetes mellitus (Jakobsen et al., 2007), and hypertension (Aneja et al., 2004), among other
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Acknowledgments br Introduction Type diabetes
2021-12-30
Acknowledgments Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is caused by relative insulin deficiency or insulin resistance in peripheral tissues. The clinical management of T2DM is achieved by controlling blood glucose levels. Current therapies available for treatment of T2DM include biguanides
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The mechanism by which Piezo acts in
2021-12-30
The mechanism by which Piezo1 acts in the regulation of RBC volume is not firmly established. Its curved structure implies that it is activated by an increase in membrane tension (11), a mechanism indicated by electrophysiological measurements (16). However, the RBC membrane mechanics at its physiol
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Studies regarding secretase nowadays aim at elucidating how
2021-12-29
Studies regarding γ-secretase nowadays aim at elucidating how APP is recognized and recruited. It has been suggested based on coarse-grained molecular simulation that the recognition and recruitment of substrate can occur on an extended surface covering PS1's TM2/6/9 domains and PAL motif [15]. Tran
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