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trans-4-Hydroxycrotonic acid receptor In general substrates
2022-01-20
In general substrates that undergo regulated intramembrane proteolysis are initially cleaved in the extracellular domain by sheddases such as TACE (TNFα converting enzyme) or ADAM (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain)/α-secretase, or by aspartyl proteases, such as BACE/β-secretase, before cle
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Comparison of dlGALRs deduced amino acid sequences with that
2022-01-20
Comparison of dlGALRs deduced amino yohimbine hydrochloride sequences with that of human GALRs demonstrate that the GALR1 ortholog sequences have diverged less than those of GALR2. Since often duplicate genes undergo divergent evolution through sub-functionalization, loss or gain of new functions (
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Isoflurane administration during i t procedures can complica
2022-01-20
Isoflurane administration during i.t. procedures can complicate the interpretation of our results since isoflurane has been shown to have both neuroprotective and neurotoxic effects (Jiang et al., 2017). Isoflurane pretreatment has been implicated as having protective effects in ischemia in animal m
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Recently Bristol Myers Squibb and Merck reported their GPR a
2022-01-20
Recently, Bristol-Myers Squibb and Merck reported their GPR40 agonist research focused on the modification of α,β-position of phenylpropionic Hoechst 34580 derivatives. For example, in recent published patent applications, Bristol-Myers Squibb claimed the pyrrolidine and dihydropyrazole GPR40 agoni
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Methods and materials Escherichia coli JM
2022-01-20
Methods and materials Escherichia coli JM109(DE3) ACET containing a derivative plasmid of pUCmod that encodes E. coli FDPS (IspA) previously described by Schmidt-Dannert and co-workers [22] were grown in LB media containing 150μg/mL of ampilicin. E. coli was grown directly from stock cells stored a
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lumacaftor BMP signals play pivotal roles in
2022-01-20
BMP signals play pivotal roles in the various processes of chondrogenesis [12], [13]. At early stages of chondrogenesis, BMP signaling regulates the differentiation of mesenchymal lumacaftor into chondrocytes via the induction of Sox9[29]. The loss of Noggin, a BMP antagonist, results in the overgr
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In C elegans KDM A appears to be involved
2022-01-20
In C. elegans, KDM4A appears to be involved in H3K36me3 reduction on the X chromosome, suggesting that this protein has a relevant role in germ cell development (Figure 2A) (47). In addition, in HeLa cells, KDM4A is associated with the repression of the achaete-scute complex homologue 2 (ASCL2) gene
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br Discussion The aim of the
2022-01-20
Discussion The aim of the present study was to extend the list of ASIC ligands and to check if histamine receptors ligands can also affect ASICs. The novel finding is that not only histamine but also thioperamide, 1-metylhistamine and Nα-methylhistamine are active ASIC1a potentiators, while other
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br Acknowledgement The work was supported
2022-01-20
6. Acknowledgement The work was supported by the NSFC through Grant Nos. 11535016 and 11475232. It was also supported by CAS. The authors thank their collaborators for beneficial discussions and enthusiastic supports in the simulations and calculations. Introduction Hypoxia-inducible factors
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The observed glucose intolerance and elevated
2022-01-19
The observed glucose intolerance and elevated fasting blood glucose in this study is in consonance with earlier study (Ferris and Kahn, 2012). These have been the common features of GC exposure and are not unexpected. Previous researches that reported IR during GC exposure have shown controversy con
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br Introduction br Mitochondrial dysfunction and cancer
2022-01-19
Introduction Mitochondrial dysfunction and cancer Lactate and succinate as oncometabolites Intracellular actions of lactate and succinate as tumor promoters Cell-surface receptors for lactate and succinate and their role in cancer GPR109A as the receptor for butyrate and β-hydroxybu
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The ER is responsible for
2022-01-19
The ER is responsible for calcium storage, lipid and protein biosynthesis, and the folding, assembly, and maturation of proteins [23], and ER stress is one of the main causes in T2DM, which leads to β-cell apoptosis and dysfunction [[5], [6], [7]]. In this study, TG was used as an ER stress inducer.
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The GLU Epac transgenic mouse enabled us
2022-01-19
The GLU-Epac transgenic mouse enabled us to monitor cAMP responses to GPR119 ligands in individual primary cultured L-cells. Not all L-cells were found to be responsive to AR231453, suggesting there may be a subpopulation of L-cells that do not express functional GPR119. There was a tendency for sma
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In addition to vertebrate species GnRH
2022-01-19
In addition to vertebrate species, GnRH has been identified in invertebrates, such as in the Protochordate Ciona intestinalis (Powell et al., 1996; Adams et al., 2003), the decapods mollusk Octopus vulgaris (Iwakoshi et al., 2002), the gastropod mollusk, the sea hare Aplysia californica (Zhang et al
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A key limiting factor in the
2022-01-19
A key limiting factor in the semi-quantitative analysis of changes in the nuclear-to-cytoplasmic distribution of glucokinase is the large intercellular heterogeneity of protoporphyrin ix mg of glucokinase in both isolated hepatocytes in vitro and also in liver in vivo[13], [23], [24], [26], [36]. T
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