• Since ARBs strongly reduce inflammation it was

  2024-10-17

  

  Since ARBs strongly reduce inflammation, it was hypothesized that the protective effects on cognition were the result of reduction of inflammation and amelioration of neurogenic decrease. However, ARB treatment did not normalize increased inflammation and neurogenic loss. For this reason, the protec

• Inhibition of autophagy has been shown to alleviate neuronal

  2024-10-17

  

  Inhibition of autophagy has been shown to alleviate neuronal damage after cerebral ischemia, both in cell culture and rodent models (Koike et al., 2008, Li et al., 2015, Wang et al., 2016, Zhang et al., 2014, Zheng et al., 2014). Therefore, blockage of autophagy is a potential target for prevention

• The first identified auxiliary subunit stargazin is essentia

  2024-10-17

  

  The first identified auxiliary subunit, stargazin, is essential for AMPAR function in cerebellar granule neurons (Hashimoto et al., 1999). Subsequently, a family of six transmembrane AMPAR regulatory proteins (TARPs) were defined that modify channel trafficking, gating, and pharmacology (Kato and B

• Based on their different sources

  2024-10-17

  

  Based on their different sources, the APN inhibitors (APNIs) can be divided into the natural products and synthetic compounds. Bestatin (1, Fig. 1), isolated from the Streptomyces oliuoreticuli by Umezawa et al., is the first reported and only marketed natural dipeptidomimetic inhibitor of APN. Afte

• br cDNA cloning gene structure and chromosomal localization

  2024-10-17

  

  cDNA cloning, gene structure and chromosomal localization The cDNA for the leukocyte-type 12S-lipoxygenase was first cloned from porcine leukocytes [9], and later from mouse [10], [11], rat [12], [13], bovine [14] and rabbit [15] sources. The cDNA for the platelet-type 12S-lipoxygenase cDNA has b

• The role of circulating physiologic concentrations of

  2024-10-16

  

  The role of circulating physiologic concentrations of FGF21 in glucose metabolism, however, remains unclear. Circulating FGF21 levels in obese and diabetic rodents, and in patients with type 2 diabetes are significantly higher than those in controls without diabetes [4], [5], [6]. On the other hand,

• The present work has implications for our thinking about

  2024-10-16

  

  The present work has implications for our thinking about the effects of antidepressant (e.g. SSRIs) use on maternal care in depressed mothers which consist of approximately 10–20% of all mothers (Gjerdingen and Yawn, 2007, Susser et al., 2016), and more than 40% of depressed mothers are prescribed w

• br Experimental procedures Adk tg Adktm tg UbiAdk

  2024-10-16

  

  Experimental procedures Adk-tg (Adktm1−/−:tg(UbiAdk) mice were created by breeding a loxP-flanked Adk transgene under the control of a human ubiquitin promoter into ADK knockout mice (Fedele et al., 2005,). Fb-Adk-def (Adktm1−/−:tg(UbiAdk):Emx1-Cre-tg3) mice were generated by pairing Emx1-Cre-tg3

• br Experimental section br Results and discussion br Conclus

  2024-10-16

  

  Experimental section Results and discussion Conclusion Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by Recruitment Program of Global Experts, and the Director Foundation of XTIPC, CAS, Grant No. 2015RC011. This work was also financially supported by Natural Science Foundation of

• Introduction Dementia is a common disease in the

  2024-10-16

  

  Introduction Dementia is a common disease in the elderly, and a significant source of disability, healthcare spending, and long-term care admissions. There is evidence to suggest that testosterone plays a role in cognitive functioning, and lower serum levels correlate with higher amyloid deposits (

• br LOX in esophageal cancer

  2024-10-16

  

  5-LOX in esophageal cancer Various studies suggest that abnormal levels of AA metabolites play an essential role in human esophageal adenocarcinogenesis (EAC). The key AA derivatives of 5-LOX signaling molecules namely include, 5-HETE, LTB4, and cysteinyl LTs, which are well-known to initiate inf

• Chronic inflammation is associated with both initiation and

  2024-10-16

  

  Chronic inflammation is associated with both initiation and progression of many neoplastic conditions [149], and ATX may be a player in the process. ATX/LPA signaling is positively correlated with the invasive and metastatic potential of several cancers including melanoma, breast cancer, ovarian can

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion Recent stu

  2024-10-16

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Recent studies have highlighted Doxofylline receptor and autophagy as novel targets for the treatment of liver fibrosis [7,14]. In this study, we demonstrated that catalpol protected the rat liver from CCl4-caused injury and fibrogenesis in vivo and

• In the mammalian brain synapse formation is

  2024-10-16

  

  In the mammalian brain, synapse formation is followed by a period of synapse refinement, and autophagy has been shown to play an important role in this process. For example, Tang and colleagues found that autophagy is required for the developmental pruning of dendritic spines, and that this pruning

• In addition to pH regulation by

  2024-10-16

  

  In addition to pH regulation by ion (counter-) fluxes, acidification is regulated by the abundance of V-ATPase on organelles, by the pumping activity of the complex and by proton leakage. In yeast, the V-ATPase VO subunit a is the only subunit expressed in two isoforms termed Stv1p and Vph1p. V-ATPa

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